H1-Antagonists

Diphenhydramine hydrochloride

1st-generation antihistamine

Diphenhydramine Structure
Uses: Allergies, Insomnia, Motion sickness
Side Effects: Drowsiness, Dry mouth, Blurred vision

Dimenhydrinate

Antihistamine, Anti-nausea

Dimenhydrinate Structure
Uses: Motion sickness, Nausea
Side Effects: Drowsiness, Dry mouth, Dizziness

Doxylamine succinate

1st-generation antihistamine

Doxylamine Structure
Uses: Insomnia, Allergies
Side Effects: Drowsiness, Dry mouth, Urinary retention

Clemastine fumarate

Antihistamine

Clemastine Structure
Uses: Allergies, Hay fever
Side Effects: Drowsiness, Dry mouth, Dizziness

Tripelenamine hydrochloride

Antihistamine

Tripelenamine Structure
Uses: Allergies, Motion sickness
Side Effects: Drowsiness, Dry mouth, Dizziness

Chlorcyclizine hydrochloride

Antihistamine

Chlorcyclizine Structure
Uses: Allergies, Hay fever
Side Effects: Drowsiness, Dry mouth, Dizziness

Meclizine hydrochloride

Antihistamine, Anti-nausea

Meclizine Structure
Uses: Vertigo, Motion sickness
Side Effects: Drowsiness, Dry mouth, Dizziness

Buclizine hydrochloride

Antihistamine, Anti-nausea

Buclizine Structure
Uses: Motion sickness, Nausea
Side Effects: Drowsiness, Dry mouth, Dizziness

Chlorpheniramine maleate

1st-generation antihistamine

Chlorpheniramine Structure
Uses: Allergies, Hay fever
Side Effects: Drowsiness, Dry mouth, Dizziness

Triprolidine hydrochloride

Antihistamine

Triprolidine Structure
Uses: Allergies, Hay fever
Side Effects: Drowsiness, Dry mouth, Dizziness

Phenidamine tartrate

Antihistamine

Phenidamine Structure
Uses: Allergies, Hay fever
Side Effects: Drowsiness, Dry mouth, Dizziness

Promethazine hydrochloride

1st-generation antihistamine

Promethazine Structure
Uses: Nausea, Vomiting, Allergies
Side Effects: Drowsiness, Dry mouth, Blurred vision

Trimeprazine tartrate

Antihistamine

Trimeprazine Structure
Uses: Allergies, Insomnia
Side Effects: Drowsiness, Dry mouth, Dizziness

Cyproheptadine hydrochloride

Antihistamine

Cyproheptadine Structure
Uses: Allergies, Appetite stimulant
Side Effects: Drowsiness, Dry mouth, Dizziness

Azatidine maleate

Antihistamine

Azatidine Structure
Uses: Allergies
Side Effects: Drowsiness, Dry mouth, Dizziness

Astemizole

2nd-generation antihistamine

Astemizole Structure
Uses: Allergies
Side Effects: Headache, Dry mouth, Drowsiness (less common)

Loratadine

2nd-generation antihistamine

Loratadine Structure
Uses: Allergies, Rhinitis
Side Effects: Headache, Dry mouth, Drowsiness (less common)

Cetirizine

2nd-generation antihistamine

Cetirizine Structure
Uses: Allergies, Rhinitis
Side Effects: Headache, Dry mouth, Drowsiness (less common)

Levocetirizine

2nd-generation antihistamine

Levocetirizine Structure
Uses: Allergies, Rhinitis
Side Effects: Headache, Dry mouth, Drowsiness (less common)

Cromolyn sodium

Mast cell stabilizer

Cromolyn Structure
Uses: Allergies, Asthma
Side Effects: Throat irritation, Coughing

ACE Inhibitors

Enalapril

ACE Inhibitor

Enalapril Structure
Uses: Hypertension, Heart Failure
Side Effects: Dry cough, Dizziness, Hyperkalemia

Ramipril

ACE Inhibitor

Ramipril Structure
Uses: Hypertension, Post-MI
Side Effects: Persistent dry cough, Angioedema

H2-Antagonists

Cimetidine

H2-Receptor Antagonist

Cimetidine Structure
Uses: Peptic Ulcer Disease, GERD
Side Effects: Headache, Dizziness, Diarrhea

Famotidine

H2-Receptor Antagonist

Famotidine Structure
Uses: GERD, Peptic Ulcer Disease
Side Effects: Headache, Dizziness, Constipation

Ranitidine

H2-Receptor Antagonist

Ranitidine Structure
Uses: GERD, Peptic Ulcer Disease
Side Effects: Headache, Dizziness, Abdominal pain

Gastric Proton Pump Inhibitors

Omeprazole

Proton Pump Inhibitor (PPI)

Omeprazole Structure
Uses: GERD, Peptic Ulcer Disease, Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome
Side Effects: Headache, Diarrhea, Nausea

Lansoprazole

Proton Pump Inhibitor (PPI)

Lansoprazole Structure
Uses: GERD, Peptic Ulcer Disease, Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome
Side Effects: Diarrhea, Headache, Abdominal pain

Rabeprazole

Proton Pump Inhibitor (PPI)

Rabeprazole Structure
Uses: GERD, Peptic Ulcer Disease
Side Effects: Diarrhea, Headache, Nausea

Pantoprazole

Proton Pump Inhibitor (PPI)

Pantoprazole Structure
Uses: GERD, Peptic Ulcer Disease, Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome
Side Effects: Diarrhea, Headache, Abdominal pain

Anti-neoplastic Agents

Meclorethamine

Alkylating Agent

Meclorethamine Structure
Uses: Hodgkin's Lymphoma, Leukemia
Side Effects: Nausea, Vomiting, Bone marrow suppression

Cyclophosphamide

Alkylating Agent

Cyclophosphamide Structure
Uses: Various cancers, Autoimmune disorders
Side Effects: Bone marrow suppression, Nausea, Vomiting

Melphalan

Alkylating Agent

Melphalan Structure
Uses: Multiple Myeloma, Ovarian Cancer
Side Effects: Nausea, Vomiting, Bone marrow suppression

Chlorambucil

Alkylating Agent

Chlorambucil Structure
Uses: Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia, Hodgkin's Lymphoma
Side Effects: Nausea, Vomiting, Bone marrow suppression

Busulfan

Alkylating Agent

Busulfan Structure
Uses: Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia (CML)
Side Effects: Bone marrow suppression, Nausea

Thiotepa

Alkylating Agent

Thiotepa Structure
Uses: Ovarian Cancer, Bladder Cancer
Side Effects: Nausea, Vomiting, Bone marrow suppression

Antimetabolites

Mercaptopurine

Antimetabolite

Mercaptopurine Structure
Uses: Leukemia, Autoimmune Disorders
Side Effects: Bone marrow suppression, Liver toxicity

Thioguanine

Antimetabolite

Thioguanine Structure
Uses: Leukemia, Lymphoma
Side Effects: Bone marrow suppression, Hepatotoxicity

Fluorouracil

Antimetabolite

Fluorouracil Structure
Uses: Colorectal Cancer, Skin Cancer
Side Effects: Nausea, Vomiting, Bone marrow suppression

Floxuridine

Antimetabolite

Floxuridine Structure
Uses: Colon Cancer, Liver Cancer
Side Effects: Nausea, Vomiting, Bone marrow suppression

Cytarabine

Antimetabolite

Cytarabine Structure
Uses: Leukemia, Lymphoma
Side Effects: Bone marrow suppression, Nausea

Methotrexate

Antimetabolite

Methotrexate Structure
Uses: Cancer, Autoimmune disorders (e.g., Rheumatoid Arthritis)
Side Effects: Nausea, Bone marrow suppression, Liver toxicity

Azathioprine

Antimetabolite

Azathioprine Structure
Uses: Autoimmune disorders, Organ transplantation
Side Effects: Bone marrow suppression, Liver toxicity

Antibiotics

Dactinomycin

Antibiotic (Anticancer)

Dactinomycin Structure
Uses: Wilms' Tumor, Ewing's Sarcoma
Side Effects: Nausea, Vomiting, Bone marrow suppression

Daunorubicin

Antibiotic (Anticancer)

Daunorubicin Structure
Uses: Leukemia, Lymphoma
Side Effects: Cardiotoxicity, Bone marrow suppression

Doxorubicin

Antibiotic (Anticancer)

Doxorubicin Structure
Uses: Breast Cancer, Lymphoma
Side Effects: Cardiotoxicity, Nausea

Bleomycin

Antibiotic (Anticancer)

Bleomycin Structure
Uses: Testicular Cancer, Hodgkin's Lymphoma
Side Effects: Pulmonary fibrosis, Skin rash

Plant Products

Etoposide

Plant Product (Anticancer)

Etoposide Structure
Uses: Lung Cancer, Lymphoma
Side Effects: Nausea, Vomiting, Bone marrow suppression

Vinblastine Sulphate

Plant Product (Anticancer)

Vinblastine Sulphate Structure
Uses: Hodgkin's Lymphoma, Testicular Cancer
Side Effects: Bone marrow suppression, Nausea

Vincristine Sulphate

Plant Product (Anticancer)

Vincristine Sulphate Structure
Uses: Leukemia, Lymphoma
Side Effects: Peripheral neuropathy, Constipation

Miscellaneous

Cisplatin

Miscellaneous (Anticancer)

Cisplatin Structure
Uses: Ovarian Cancer, Testicular Cancer
Side Effects: Nephrotoxicity, Nausea, Vomiting

Mitotane

Miscellaneous (Anticancer)

Mitotane Structure
Uses: Adrenal Cancer, Cushing's Syndrome
Side Effects: Nausea, Vomiting, Fatigue

Vasodilators

Amyl Nitrite

Vasodilator

Amyl Nitrite Structure
Uses: Angina, Cyanide poisoning
Side Effects: Headache, Dizziness, Hypotension

Nitroglycerin

Vasodilator

Nitroglycerin Structure
Uses: Angina, Heart failure
Side Effects: Headache, Hypotension, Dizziness

Pentaerythritol Tetranitrate

Vasodilator

Pentaerythritol Tetranitrate Structure
Uses: Angina, Myocardial infarction
Side Effects: Headache, Dizziness, Nausea

Isosorbide Dinitrate

Vasodilator

Isosorbide Dinitrate Structure
Uses: Angina, Heart failure
Side Effects: Headache, Hypotension, Dizziness

Dipyridamole

Vasodilator

Dipyridamole Structure
Uses: Angina, Stroke prevention
Side Effects: Headache, Dizziness, Abdominal pain

Calcium Channel Blocker

Verapamil

Calcium Channel Blocker

Verapamil Structure
Uses: Hypertension, Angina, Arrhythmia
Side Effects: Constipation, Dizziness, Hypotension

Bepridil Hydrochloride

Calcium Channel Blocker

Bepridil Hydrochloride Structure
Uses: Angina, Arrhythmia
Side Effects: Dizziness, Nausea, Fatigue

Diltiazem Hydrochloride

Calcium Channel Blocker

Diltiazem Hydrochloride Structure
Uses: Hypertension, Angina, Arrhythmia
Side Effects: Dizziness, Swelling, Bradycardia

Nifedipine

Calcium Channel Blocker

Nifedipine Structure
Uses: Hypertension, Angina
Side Effects: Edema, Dizziness, Headache

Amlodipine

Calcium Channel Blocker

Amlodipine Structure
Uses: Hypertension, Angina
Side Effects: Swelling, Dizziness, Palpitations

Felodipine

Calcium Channel Blocker

Felodipine Structure
Uses: Hypertension, Angina
Side Effects: Swelling, Headache, Dizziness

Nicardipine

Calcium Channel Blocker

Nicardipine Structure
Uses: Hypertension, Angina
Side Effects: Dizziness, Edema, Headache

Nimodipine

Calcium Channel Blocker

Nimodipine Structure
Uses: Subarachnoid hemorrhage, Hypertension
Side Effects: Dizziness, Nausea, Hypotension

Diuretics

Acetazolamide

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitor

Acetazolamide Structure
Uses: Glaucoma, Epilepsy, Altitude Sickness
Side Effects: Electrolyte Imbalance, Drowsiness, Nausea

Methazolamide

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitor

Methazolamide Structure
Uses: Glaucoma, Edema
Side Effects: Electrolyte Imbalance, Dizziness

Dichlorphenamide

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitor

Dichlorphenamide Structure
Uses: Periodic Paralysis, Glaucoma
Side Effects: Electrolyte Imbalance, Drowsiness

Chlorthiazide

Thiazide Diuretic

Chlorthiazide Structure
Uses: Hypertension, Edema
Side Effects: Electrolyte Imbalance, Dizziness, Hyperglycemia

Hydrochlorothiazide

Thiazide Diuretic

Hydrochlorothiazide Structure
Uses: Hypertension, Heart Failure, Kidney Stones
Side Effects: Electrolyte Imbalance, Hyperglycemia, Dehydration

Furosemide

Loop Diuretic

Furosemide Structure
Uses: Edema, Hypertension
Side Effects: Electrolyte Imbalance, Dehydration, Hypotension

Bumetanide

Loop Diuretic

Bumetanide Structure
Uses: Edema, Heart Failure
Side Effects: Electrolyte Imbalance, Hypotension, Dizziness

Spironolactone

Potassium Sparing Diuretic

Spironolactone Structure
Uses: Heart Failure, Hypertension, Hyperaldosteronism
Side Effects: Hyperkalemia, Gynecomastia, Dizziness

Triamterene

Potassium Sparing Diuretic

Triamterene Structure
Uses: Hypertension, Edema
Side Effects: Hyperkalemia, Dizziness, Nausea

Mannitol

Osmotic Diuretic

Mannitol Structure
Uses: Cerebral Edema, Glaucoma, Renal Protection
Side Effects: Electrolyte Imbalance, Dehydration, Hypotension

Anti-hypertensive Agents

Timolol

Beta-blocker

Timolol Structure
Uses: Hypertension, Glaucoma
Side Effects: Bradycardia, Hypotension, Fatigue

Captopril

ACE Inhibitor

Captopril Structure
Uses: Hypertension, Heart Failure, Diabetic Nephropathy
Side Effects: Cough, Hyperkalemia, Dizziness

Lisinopril

ACE Inhibitor

Lisinopril Structure
Uses: Hypertension, Heart Failure, Acute Myocardial Infarction
Side Effects: Cough, Hyperkalemia, Dizziness

Enalapril

ACE Inhibitor

Enalapril Structure
Uses: Hypertension, Heart Failure
Side Effects: Cough, Hyperkalemia, Dizziness

Benazepril

ACE Inhibitor

Benazepril Structure
Uses: Hypertension, Heart Failure
Side Effects: Cough, Hyperkalemia, Fatigue

Quinapril

ACE Inhibitor

Quinapril Structure
Uses: Hypertension, Heart Failure
Side Effects: Cough, Dizziness, Hyperkalemia

Methyldopate

Alpha-2 Agonist

Methyldopate Structure
Uses: Hypertension
Side Effects: Drowsiness, Dry Mouth, Hypotension

Clonidine Hydrochloride

Alpha-2 Adrenergic Agonist

Clonidine Structure
Uses: Hypertension, ADHD, Withdrawal Symptoms
Side Effects: Drowsiness, Dry Mouth, Hypotension

Guanethidine Monosulphate

Sympatholytic Agent

Guanethidine Structure
Uses: Hypertension
Side Effects: Postural Hypotension, Dizziness, Diarrhea

Guanabenz Acetate

Alpha-2 Adrenergic Agonist

Guanabenz Structure
Uses: Hypertension
Side Effects: Sedation, Drowsiness, Dizziness

Sodium Nitroprusside

Vasodilator

Sodium Nitroprusside Structure
Uses: Hypertensive Crisis, Acute Heart Failure
Side Effects: Hypotension, Cyanide Toxicity, Reflex Tachycardia

Diazoxide

Vasodilator

Diazoxide Structure
Uses: Hypertensive Emergency, Hypoglycemia
Side Effects: Hyperglycemia, Hypotension, Edema

Minoxidil

Vasodilator

Minoxidil Structure
Uses: Hypertension, Hair Loss (Topical)
Side Effects: Tachycardia, Fluid Retention, Hypertrichosis

Reserpine

Antihypertensive, Antipsychotic

Reserpine Structure
Uses: Hypertension, Schizophrenia
Side Effects: Sedation, Depression, Nasal Congestion

Hydralazine Hydrochloride

Vasodilator

Hydralazine Structure
Uses: Hypertension, Heart Failure
Side Effects: Reflex Tachycardia, Headache, Dizziness

Anti-arrhythmic Drugs

Quinidine Sulphate

Class IA Antiarrhythmic

Quinidine Sulphate Structure
Uses: Atrial fibrillation, Ventricular arrhythmias
Side Effects: Cinchonism, Tinnitus, Diarrhea

Procainamide Hydrochloride

Class IA Antiarrhythmic

Procainamide Structure
Uses: Ventricular arrhythmias, Atrial fibrillation
Side Effects: Lupus-like syndrome, Hypotension

Disopyramide Phosphate

Class IA Antiarrhythmic

Disopyramide Structure
Uses: Ventricular arrhythmias, Atrial fibrillation
Side Effects: Dry mouth, Urinary retention, Constipation

Phenytoin Sodium

Class IB Antiarrhythmic

Phenytoin Structure
Uses: Seizures, Ventricular arrhythmias
Side Effects: Gingival hyperplasia, Ataxia, Nystagmus

Lidocaine Hydrochloride

Class IB Antiarrhythmic

Lidocaine Structure
Uses: Ventricular arrhythmias, Local anesthesia
Side Effects: CNS toxicity, Seizures, Dizziness

Tocainide Hydrochloride

Class IB Antiarrhythmic

Tocainide Structure
Uses: Ventricular arrhythmias
Side Effects: Nausea, Vomiting, Dizziness

Mexiletine Hydrochloride

Class IB Antiarrhythmic

Mexiletine Structure
Uses: Ventricular arrhythmias, Neuropathy
Side Effects: Tremor, Nausea, Dizziness

Lorcainide Hydrochloride

Class IC Antiarrhythmic

Lorcainide Structure
Uses: Ventricular arrhythmias, Atrial fibrillation
Side Effects: Headache, Dizziness, Nausea

Amiodarone

Class III Antiarrhythmic

Amiodarone Structure
Uses: Atrial fibrillation, Ventricular arrhythmias
Side Effects: Pulmonary fibrosis, Thyroid dysfunction, Skin discoloration

Sotalol

Class III Antiarrhythmic

Sotalol Structure
Uses: Atrial fibrillation, Ventricular arrhythmias
Side Effects: Bradycardia, Fatigue, QT prolongation

Anti-hyperlipidemic Agents

Clofibrate

Fibrate

Clofibrate Structure
Uses: Hyperlipidemia, Hypertriglyceridemia
Side Effects: Gastrointestinal upset, Liver dysfunction

Lovastatin

Statin

Lovastatin Structure
Uses: Hyperlipidemia, Cardiovascular disease prevention
Side Effects: Myopathy, Liver enzyme elevation

Cholestyramine

Bile acid sequestrant

Cholestyramine Structure
Uses: Hyperlipidemia
Side Effects: Constipation, Flatulence

Cholestipol

Bile acid sequestrant

Cholestipol Structure
Uses: Hyperlipidemia
Side Effects: Constipation, Abdominal discomfort

Coagulants & Anticoagulants

Menadione

Vitamin K Analogue

Menadione Structure
Uses: Vitamin K deficiency
Side Effects: Allergic reactions, Hemolysis

Warfarin

Anticoagulant

Warfarin Structure
Uses: Prevention of blood clots, Stroke prevention
Side Effects: Bleeding, Skin necrosis, Teratogenicity

Anisindione

Anticoagulant

Anisindione Structure
Uses: Prevention of thromboembolism
Side Effects: Bleeding, Skin rash

Clopidogrel

Antiplatelet

Clopidogrel Structure
Uses: Prevention of stroke, MI, and peripheral artery disease
Side Effects: Bleeding, Gastrointestinal discomfort

Drugs Used in Congestive Heart Failure

Digoxin

Cardiac Glycoside

Digoxin Structure
Uses: Heart failure, Atrial fibrillation
Side Effects: Arrhythmias, Nausea, Vomiting

Digitoxin

Cardiac Glycoside

Digitoxin Structure
Uses: Heart failure, Arrhythmias
Side Effects: Arrhythmias, Fatigue

Nesiritide

Recombinant B-type natriuretic peptide

Nesiritide Structure
Uses: Acute decompensated heart failure
Side Effects: Hypotension, Renal dysfunction

Bosentan

Endothelin receptor antagonist

Bosentan Structure
Uses: Pulmonary arterial hypertension, Heart failure
Side Effects: Liver toxicity, Anemia, Headache

Tezosentan

Endothelin receptor antagonist

Tezosentan Structure
Uses: Acute heart failure, Pulmonary arterial hypertension
Side Effects: Hypotension, Renal dysfunction

Sex Hormones

Testosterone

Androgen hormone

Testosterone Structure
Uses: Male hypogonadism, Hormone replacement therapy
Side Effects: Acne, Hair loss, Aggression

Nandrolone

Anabolic steroid

Nandrolone Structure
Uses: Anemia, Osteoporosis, Muscle wasting
Side Effects: Liver damage, Gynecomastia, Mood swings

Progesterone

Female sex hormone

Progesterone Structure
Uses: Contraception, Menstrual disorders, Hormone replacement
Side Effects: Headache, Weight gain, Breast tenderness

Oestriol

Estrogen hormone

Oestriol Structure
Uses: Menopause, Estrogen replacement
Side Effects: Nausea, Breast tenderness, Headache

Oestradiol

Estrogen hormone

Oestradiol Structure
Uses: Hormone replacement therapy, Menopause
Side Effects: Blood clots, Stroke, Breast cancer

Oestrione

Estrogen hormone

Oestrione Structure
Uses: Menopause symptoms, Estrogen replacement
Side Effects: Nausea, Headache, Weight gain

Diethylstilbestrol

Synthetic estrogen

Diethylstilbestrol Structure
Uses: Prevention of miscarriage (historically), Hormonal cancer treatment
Side Effects: Increased cancer risk, Birth defects, Blood clots

Drugs for Erectile Dysfunction

Sildenafil

Phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitor

Sildenafil Structure
Uses: Erectile dysfunction, Pulmonary hypertension
Side Effects: Headache, Flushing, Vision changes

Tadalafil

Phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitor

Tadalafil Structure
Uses: Erectile dysfunction, Pulmonary hypertension
Side Effects: Headache, Muscle pain, Indigestion

Oral Contraceptives

Mifepristone

Antiprogestin

Mifepristone Structure
Uses: Medical abortion, Contraception
Side Effects: Abdominal pain, Nausea, Heavy bleeding

Norgestrel

Progestin

Norgestrel Structure
Uses: Contraception, Hormone replacement therapy
Side Effects: Weight gain, Mood swings, Nausea

Levonorgestrel

Progestin

Levonorgestrel Structure
Uses: Emergency contraception, Birth control
Side Effects: Headache, Nausea, Abdominal pain

Corticosteroids

Cortisone

Corticosteroid

Cortisone Structure
Uses: Inflammation, Autoimmune diseases
Side Effects: Weight gain, Osteoporosis, High blood sugar

Hydrocortisone

Corticosteroid

Hydrocortisone Structure
Uses: Inflammation, Allergies, Autoimmune diseases
Side Effects: Weight gain, Insomnia, High blood pressure

Prednisolone

Corticosteroid

Prednisolone Structure
Uses: Inflammatory conditions, Allergies
Side Effects: Weight gain, High blood sugar, Mood changes

Betamethasone

Corticosteroid

Betamethasone Structure
Uses: Inflammation, Allergic reactions, Skin conditions
Side Effects: Weight gain, Insomnia, Glucose intolerance

Dexamethasone

Corticosteroid

Dexamethasone Structure
Uses: Inflammation, Autoimmune diseases, Cancer treatment
Side Effects: Weight gain, High blood sugar, Osteoporosis

Thyroid and Antithyroid Drugs

L-Thyroxine

Thyroid hormone

L-Thyroxine Structure
Uses: Hypothyroidism, Thyroid replacement therapy
Side Effects: Palpitations, Weight loss, Anxiety

L-Thyronine

Thyroid hormone

L-Thyronine Structure
Uses: Hypothyroidism, Thyroid hormone therapy
Side Effects: Rapid heart rate, Anxiety, Sweating

Propylthiouracil

Antithyroid drug

Propylthiouracil Structure
Uses: Hyperthyroidism, Graves' disease
Side Effects: Rash, Liver toxicity, Agranulocytosis

Methimazole

Antithyroid drug

Methimazole Structure
Uses: Hyperthyroidism, Graves' disease
Side Effects: Rash, Liver toxicity, Agranulocytosis

Antidiabetic Agents

Insulin

Hormonal therapy for diabetes

Insulin Structure
Uses: Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes
Side Effects: Hypoglycemia, Weight gain, Allergic reactions

Tolbutamide

Sulfonylurea

Tolbutamide Structure
Uses: Type 2 Diabetes
Side Effects: Hypoglycemia, Weight gain, Gastrointestinal issues

Chlorpropamide

Sulfonylurea

Chlorpropamide Structure
Uses: Type 2 Diabetes
Side Effects: Hypoglycemia, Water retention, Disulfiram-like reaction

Glipizide

Sulfonylurea

Glipizide Structure
Uses: Type 2 Diabetes
Side Effects: Hypoglycemia, Dizziness, Weight gain

Glimepiride

Sulfonylurea

Glimepiride Structure
Uses: Type 2 Diabetes
Side Effects: Hypoglycemia, Weight gain, Dizziness

Metformin

Biguanide

Metformin Structure
Uses: Type 2 Diabetes
Side Effects: Gastrointestinal disturbances, Lactic acidosis

Pioglitazone

Thiazolidinedione

Pioglitazone Structure
Uses: Type 2 Diabetes
Side Effects: Edema, Weight gain, Heart failure risk

Rosiglitazone

Thiazolidinedione

Rosiglitazone Structure
Uses: Type 2 Diabetes
Side Effects: Edema, Weight gain, Heart failure risk

Repaglinide

Meglitinide

Repaglinide Structure
Uses: Type 2 Diabetes
Side Effects: Hypoglycemia, Weight gain, Headache

Nateglinide

Meglitinide

Nateglinide Structure
Uses: Type 2 Diabetes
Side Effects: Hypoglycemia, Weight gain, Dizziness

Acarbose

Glucosidase Inhibitor

Acarbose Structure
Uses: Type 2 Diabetes
Side Effects: Flatulence, Diarrhea, Abdominal discomfort

Voglibose

Alpha-glucosidase Inhibitor

Voglibose Structure
Uses: Type 2 Diabetes
Side Effects: Flatulence, Diarrhea, Abdominal discomfort

Local Anesthetics

Cocaine

Benzoic Acid Derivative

Cocaine Structure
Uses: Local anesthesia, Vasoconstriction
Side Effects: CNS stimulation, Tachycardia, Hypertension

Hexylcaine

Benzoic Acid Derivative

Hexylcaine Structure
Uses: Local anesthesia
Side Effects: Sensitization, Allergic reactions

Meprylcaine

Benzoic Acid Derivative

Meprylcaine Structure
Uses: Local anesthesia
Side Effects: Allergic reactions, CNS toxicity

Cyclomethycaine

Benzoic Acid Derivative

Cyclomethycaine Structure
Uses: Local anesthesia
Side Effects: Allergic reactions, CNS effects

Piperocaine

Benzoic Acid Derivative

Piperocaine Structure
Uses: Local anesthesia
Side Effects: CNS effects, Allergic reactions

Benzocaine

Amino Benzoic Acid Derivative

Benzocaine Structure
Uses: Local anesthesia, Sore throat relief
Side Effects: Allergic reactions, Methemoglobinemia

Butamben

Amino Benzoic Acid Derivative

Butamben Structure
Uses: Local anesthesia
Side Effects: Allergic reactions

Procaine

Amino Benzoic Acid Derivative

Procaine Structure
Uses: Local anesthesia, Nerve blocks
Side Effects: Allergic reactions, CNS toxicity

Butacaine

Amino Benzoic Acid Derivative

Butacaine Structure
Uses: Local anesthesia
Side Effects: Allergic reactions, CNS effects

Propoxycaine

Amino Benzoic Acid Derivative

Propoxycaine Structure
Uses: Local anesthesia
Side Effects: Allergic reactions, CNS effects

Tetracaine

Amino Benzoic Acid Derivative

Tetracaine Structure
Uses: Local anesthesia, Ophthalmic anesthesia
Side Effects: Allergic reactions, CNS effects

Benoxinate

Amino Benzoic Acid Derivative

Benoxinate Structure
Uses: Ophthalmic local anesthesia
Side Effects: Allergic reactions

Lignocaine

Lidocaine/Anilide Derivative

Lignocaine Structure
Uses: Local anesthesia, Antiarrhythmic
Side Effects: CNS toxicity, Allergic reactions

Mepivacaine

Lidocaine/Anilide Derivative

Mepivacaine Structure
Uses: Local anesthesia, Nerve blocks
Side Effects: CNS toxicity, Allergic reactions

Prilocaine

Lidocaine/Anilide Derivative

Prilocaine Structure
Uses: Local anesthesia, Regional blocks
Side Effects: Methemoglobinemia, CNS toxicity

Etidocaine

Lidocaine/Anilide Derivative

Etidocaine Structure
Uses: Local anesthesia
Side Effects: CNS toxicity, Allergic reactions

Phenacaine

Miscellaneous

Phenacaine Structure
Uses: Local anesthesia
Side Effects: Allergic reactions

Dibucaine

Miscellaneous

Dibucaine Structure
Uses: Local anesthesia
Side Effects: Allergic reactions, CNS toxicity

Diperodon

Miscellaneous

Diperodon Structure
Uses: Local anesthesia
Side Effects: CNS toxicity, Allergic reactions